{"id":24467,"date":"2025-08-13T18:21:23","date_gmt":"2025-08-13T18:21:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/programs\/finance-for-strategic-managers-accounting-professional-certificate\/lessons\/lesson-9-limitations-of-ratio-analysis-video\/"},"modified":"2025-08-14T09:25:50","modified_gmt":"2025-08-14T09:25:50","slug":"lesson-9-limitation-of-financial-ratio-analysis","status":"publish","type":"lesson","link":"https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/ar\/programs\/finance-for-strategic-managers-accounting-professional-certificate\/lessons\/lesson-9-limitation-of-financial-ratio-analysis\/","title":{"rendered":"Lesson 9: Limitation of financial ratio analysis"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Lesson 9: Financial Statement Analysis\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Historical Information: <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t
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Information used in the analysis is based on real past results that are released by the company.<\/span><\/h5>
Therefore, ratio analysis metrics do not necessarily represent future company performance.<\/span><\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
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Inflationary effects: <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t
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Financial statements are released periodically and, therefore, there are time differences between each release.<\/p>

If inflation has occurred in between periods, then real prices are not reflected in the financial statements.<\/p>

Thus, the numbers across different periods are not comparable until they are adjusted for inflation.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

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Changes in accounting policies: <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t
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If the company has changed its accounting policies and procedures, this may significantly affect financial reporting.<\/p>

In this case, the key financial metrics utilized in ratio analysis are altered, and the financial results recorded after the change are not comparable to the results recorded before the change.<\/p>

It is up to the analyst to be up to date with changes to accounting policies.<\/p>

Changes made are generally found in the notes to the financial statements section.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

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Operational changes: <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t
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A company may significantly change its operational structure, anything from their supply chain strategy to the product that they are selling.<\/p>

When significant operational changes occur, the comparison of financial metrics before and after the operational change may lead to misleading conclusions about the company’s performance and future prospects.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

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Seasonal effects: <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t
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An analyst should be aware of seasonal factors that could potentially result in limitations of ratio analysis.<\/p>

The inability to adjust the ratio analysis to the seasonality effects may lead to false interpretations of the results from the analysis.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

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Manipulation of financial statements: <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t
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Ratio analysis is based on information that is reported by the company in its financial statements.<\/p>

This information may be manipulated by the company’s management to report a better result than its actual performance.<\/p>

Hence, ratio analysis may not accurately reflect the true nature of the business, as the misrepresentation of information is not detected by simple analysis.<\/p>

It is important that an analyst is aware of these possible manipulations and always complete extensive due diligence before reaching any conclusions.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

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Doesn't consider the size of the Business: <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t
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Ratio Analysis diverts the attention of the intended user from the figures and financial statements of the business as they don’t consider the size of the business and the resultant bargaining power and economies of scale that a large business enjoys compared to a Small business.<\/p>

It doesn’t consider such factors that have an impact on the Company’s performance.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

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Doesn't take into account Contingent Liability: <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t
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Another limitation of Ratio Analysis is that it doesn’t consider any contingent liability.<\/p>

A contingent liability depends on some external factors that may or may not happen, such as Litigation matters, etc.<\/p>

If they result in an adverse outcome for the business, such events will have serious repercussions on the company’s financials.<\/p>

Still, Ratio Analysis doesn’t consider this, although such Contingent Liabilities may have a material impact on the company’s Financial Position.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

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Susceptible to Creative Accounting: <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t
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Financial Statements can be distorted by the companies using Creative Accounting.<\/p>

Accounting Policies adopted by the companies have a material impact on Ratio Analysis.<\/p>

A company may opt for an Exceptional Income (Non-Recurring Income) as a part of its Revenue.<\/p>

It may declassify a Business Expenditure into a Non-recurring Expenditure, which can materially impact its Financial Statements and the resultant Ratio Analysis.<\/p>

By choosing such accounting policies, businesses deliberately abuse the subjectivity inherent in Accounting, which tends to bias the figures in the direction opted by the management.<\/p>

Ratio Analysis becomes incomparable if there is a significant change in the accounting procedures and policies adopted by the business.<\/p>

For instance, a company shifting from the LIFO Inventory method of Valuation to the FIFO method of Inventory Valuation will observe a significant variation in its profitability and Liquidity ratios during Inflationary periods and vice versa, which will make the trend analysis exercise futile.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

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Cannot use to compare different industries: <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t
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Another limitation is that it is not standardized for all industries.<\/p>

Different businesses operating in different Industries are difficult to interpret based on the standard Ratio Analysis.<\/p>

For instance, companies operating in Real Estate will have a very low Return on Capital Employed (ROCE) as the assets held by such companies are updated regularly, which increases the amount of capital employed; however, there are certain Industries where assets are not required to be revalued at such frequency which makes it very difficult to compare based on Ratio Analysis.<\/p>

Ratio Analysis standards are not the same across industries, and it isn’t easy to compare companies based purely on their Standard Financial Ratios.<\/p>

For instance, a company in the Trading business may have a Current Ratio of 3:1 might appear to be excellent compared to a company in Real Estate with a Current Ratio of maybe 1:1 as ratio Analysis doesn’t take into consideration the particular dynamics of the business and Industry to which the companies relate to.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","class_list":["post-24467","lesson","type-lesson","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nLesson 9: Limitation of financial ratio analysis - Certifeka-edu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/ar\/programs\/finance-for-strategic-managers-accounting-professional-certificate\/lessons\/lesson-9-limitation-of-financial-ratio-analysis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Lesson 9: Limitation of financial ratio analysis - Certifeka-edu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Lesson 9: Financial Statement Analysis Historical Information: Information used in the analysis is based on real past results that are released by the company. 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