{"id":48598,"date":"2025-11-19T14:09:34","date_gmt":"2025-11-19T14:09:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/programs\/research-for-strategic-development-professional-certificate-3\/lessons\/lesson-3-types-of-inferential-statistics-3\/"},"modified":"2025-11-19T14:09:34","modified_gmt":"2025-11-19T14:09:34","slug":"lesson-3-types-of-inferential-statistics-3","status":"publish","type":"lesson","link":"https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/ar\/programs\/research-for-strategic-development-module\/lessons\/lesson-3-types-of-inferential-statistics-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Lesson 3: Types of Inferential Statistics"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"96\" height=\"114\" src=\"https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/logos-png-01-296x57-1.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/logos-png-01-296x57-1.png 96w, https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/logos-png-01-296x57-1-10x12.png 10w, https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/logos-png-01-296x57-1-42x50.png 42w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 96px) 100vw, 96px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<h2>Lesson 3: Data interpretation<br \/>\n<\/h2>\n<h3>Types of Inferential Statistics<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<h5>Inferential statistics can be classified into hypothesis testing and regression analysis.<\/h5>\n<h5>Hypothesis testing also includes the use of confidence intervals to test the parameters of a population<\/h5>\n<h3>Hypothesis testing<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Icon1-1.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Icon1-1.png 512w, https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Icon1-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Icon1-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Icon1-1-12x12.png 12w, https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Icon1-1-410x410.png 410w, https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Icon1-1-50x50.png 50w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1230\" open>\n<summary data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1230\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t Definition<br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n<h5 tabindex=\"0\" data-element-id=\"ebookHeading4\" data-node-type=\"text\" data-magic=\"col-description\">Hypothesis testing: is a type of inferential statistics that is used to test assumptions and draw conclusions about the population from the available sample data.<\/h5>\n<h5 tabindex=\"0\" data-element-id=\"ebookHeading4\" data-node-type=\"text\" data-magic=\"col-description\">It involves setting up a null hypothesis and an alternative hypothesis followed by conducting a statistical test of significance.<\/h5>\n<\/details>\n<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1231\" >\n<summary data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1231\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t  Hypothesis testing example<br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n<h5>You want to test whether there is a relationship between gender and height.<\/h5>\n<h5>Based on your knowledge of human physiology, you formulate a hypothesis that men are, on average, taller than women.<\/h5>\n<h5>To test this hypothesis, you restate it as:<\/h5>\n<h5>H0: Men are, on average, not taller than women.<\/h5>\n<h5>Ha: Men are, on average, taller than women.<\/h5>\n<h5>To test differences in average height between men and women, your sample should have an equal proportion of men and women, and cover a variety of socio-economic classes and any other control variables that might influence average height.<\/h5>\n<h5>You should also consider your scope (Worldwide? For one country?) A potential data source in this case might be census data, since it includes data from a variety of regions and social classes and is available for many countries around the world.<\/h5>\n<h5>Based on the type of data you collected, you perform a one-tailed t-test to test whether men are in fact taller than women.<\/h5>\n<h5>This test gives you:<\/h5>\n<h5>An estimate of the difference in average height between the two groups.<\/h5>\n<h5>a p-value showing how likely you are to see this difference if the null hypothesis of no difference is true.<\/h5>\n<h5>Your t-test shows an average height of 175.4 cm for men and an average height of 161.7 cm for women, with an estimate of the true difference ranging from 10.2 cm to infinity.<\/h5>\n<h5>The p-value is 0.002.<\/h5>\n<h5>In your analysis of the difference in average height between men and women, you find that the p-value of 0.002 is below your cutoff of 0.05, so you decide to reject your null hypothesis of no difference.<\/h5>\n<h5>In our comparison of mean height between men and women we found an average difference of 13.7 cm and a p-value of 0.002; therefore, we can reject the null hypothesis that men are not taller than women and conclude that there is likely a difference in height between men and women.<\/h5>\n<\/details>\n<h5 tabindex=\"0\" data-element-id=\"ebookHeading4\" data-node-type=\"text\" data-magic=\"col-description\">Hypothesis testing: is a type of inferential statistics that is used to test assumptions and draw conclusions about the population from the available sample data.<\/h5>\n<h5 tabindex=\"0\" data-element-id=\"ebookHeading4\" data-node-type=\"text\" data-magic=\"col-description\">It involves setting up a null hypothesis and an alternative hypothesis followed by conducting a statistical test of significance.<\/h5>\n<h5>You want to test whether there is a relationship between gender and height.<\/h5>\n<h5>Based on your knowledge of human physiology, you formulate a hypothesis that men are, on average, taller than women.<\/h5>\n<h5>To test this hypothesis, you restate it as:<\/h5>\n<h5>H0: Men are, on average, not taller than women.<\/h5>\n<h5>Ha: Men are, on average, taller than women.<\/h5>\n<h5>To test differences in average height between men and women, your sample should have an equal proportion of men and women, and cover a variety of socio-economic classes and any other control variables that might influence average height.<\/h5>\n<h5>You should also consider your scope (Worldwide? For one country?) A potential data source in this case might be census data, since it includes data from a variety of regions and social classes and is available for many countries around the world.<\/h5>\n<h5>Based on the type of data you collected, you perform a one-tailed t-test to test whether men are in fact taller than women.<\/h5>\n<h5>This test gives you:<\/h5>\n<h5>An estimate of the difference in average height between the two groups.<\/h5>\n<h5>a p-value showing how likely you are to see this difference if the null hypothesis of no difference is true.<\/h5>\n<h5>Your t-test shows an average height of 175.4 cm for men and an average height of 161.7 cm for women, with an estimate of the true difference ranging from 10.2 cm to infinity.<\/h5>\n<h5>The p-value is 0.002.<\/h5>\n<h5>In your analysis of the difference in average height between men and women, you find that the p-value of 0.002 is below your cutoff of 0.05, so you decide to reject your null hypothesis of no difference.<\/h5>\n<h5>In our comparison of mean height between men and women we found an average difference of 13.7 cm and a p-value of 0.002; therefore, we can reject the null hypothesis that men are not taller than women and conclude that there is likely a difference in height between men and women.<\/h5>\n<h3>Regression Analysis<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Icon2-1.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Icon2-1.png 512w, https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Icon2-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Icon2-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Icon2-1-12x12.png 12w, https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Icon2-1-410x410.png 410w, https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Icon2-1-50x50.png 50w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1560\" open>\n<summary data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1560\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t Definition<br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n<h5 tabindex=\"0\" data-element-id=\"ebookHeading4\" data-node-type=\"text\" data-magic=\"col-description\">Regression analysis is used to quantify how one variable will change with respect to another variable.<\/h5>\n<h5 tabindex=\"0\" data-element-id=\"ebookHeading4\" data-node-type=\"text\" data-magic=\"col-description\">Regression analysis is a way to find trends in data.<\/h5>\n<\/details>\n<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1561\" >\n<summary data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1561\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t Regression  testing example<br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n<h5>For example, you might guess that there&#8217;s a connection between how much you eat and how much you weigh; regression analysis can help you quantify that.<\/h5>\n<\/details>\n<h5 tabindex=\"0\" data-element-id=\"ebookHeading4\" data-node-type=\"text\" data-magic=\"col-description\">Regression analysis is used to quantify how one variable will change with respect to another variable.<\/h5>\n<h5 tabindex=\"0\" data-element-id=\"ebookHeading4\" data-node-type=\"text\" data-magic=\"col-description\">Regression analysis is a way to find trends in data.<\/h5>\n<h5>For example, you might guess that there&#8217;s a connection between how much you eat and how much you weigh; regression analysis can help you quantify that.<\/h5>","protected":false},"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","class_list":["post-48598","lesson","type-lesson","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Lesson 3: Types of Inferential Statistics - Certifeka-edu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/ar\/programs\/research-for-strategic-development-module\/lessons\/lesson-3-types-of-inferential-statistics-3\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Lesson 3: Types of Inferential Statistics - Certifeka-edu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Lesson 3: Data interpretation Types of Inferential Statistics Inferential statistics can be classified into hypothesis testing and regression analysis. 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