{"id":55643,"date":"2026-04-03T11:54:11","date_gmt":"2026-04-03T11:54:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/programs\/organizational-behavior-module-2\/lessons\/lesson-5-characteristics-of-the-four-systems-developed-by-rensis-likert-3-2\/"},"modified":"2026-04-03T11:54:11","modified_gmt":"2026-04-03T11:54:11","slug":"lesson-5-characteristics-of-the-four-systems-developed-by-rensis-likert-3-2","status":"publish","type":"lesson","link":"https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/ar\/programs\/corporate-behaviors-and-culture-module-ucam-university\/lessons\/lesson-5-characteristics-of-the-four-systems-developed-by-rensis-likert-3-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Lesson 5: Characteristics of the Four Systems Developed by Rensis Likert"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"96\" height=\"114\" src=\"https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/logos-png-01-296x57-1.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/logos-png-01-296x57-1.png 96w, https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/logos-png-01-296x57-1-10x12.png 10w, https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/logos-png-01-296x57-1-42x50.png 42w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 96px) 100vw, 96px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<h2>Lesson 5: Participative Theories<br \/>\n<\/h2>\n<h3>Characteristics of the Four Systems Developed by Rensis Likert<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"660\" height=\"437\" src=\"https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Rensis-Likert-1024x678.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Rensis-Likert-1024x678.png 1024w, https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Rensis-Likert-300x199.png 300w, https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Rensis-Likert-768x509.png 768w, https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Rensis-Likert-1536x1017.png 1536w, https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Rensis-Likert-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Rensis-Likert-600x397.png 600w, https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Rensis-Likert-76x50.png 76w, https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Rensis-Likert.png 1835w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 660px) 100vw, 660px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<h3>System 1: Exploitative Authoritative<\/h3>\n<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1630\" open>\n<summary data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1630\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t Rules by being bossy:<br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n<h5 tabindex=\"0\" data-element-id=\"ebookHeading4\" data-node-type=\"text\" data-magic=\"col-description\">\u00a0The leader uses a commanding style to enforce their authority, often using threats and punishment to motivate employees.<\/h5>\n<\/details>\n<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1631\" >\n<summary data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1631\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t Very centralized:<br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n<h5>The leader holds all the power and control, with little input or involvement from others in the organisation.<\/h5>\n<\/details>\n<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1632\" >\n<summary data-accordion-index=\"3\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1632\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t  Top-down communication:<br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n<h5>\u00a0Communication flows primarily from the leader to subordinates, with little opportunity for feedback or input from employees.<\/h5>\n<\/details>\n<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1633\" >\n<summary data-accordion-index=\"4\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1633\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t Subordinates uninvolved in decisions:<br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n<h5>\u00a0Employees are not involved in the decision-making process and are expected to carry out orders without question.<\/h5>\n<\/details>\n<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1634\" >\n<summary data-accordion-index=\"5\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1634\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t  Mistrust and antagonism are common:<br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n<h5>\u00a0Due to the lack of involvement and communication, there is often a sense of mistrust and antagonism between the leader and employees.<\/h5>\n<\/details>\n<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1635\" >\n<summary data-accordion-index=\"6\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1635\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t Mediocre performance results:<br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n<h5>The Exploitative Authoritative system is often associated with low productivity, poor performance, and high turnover, as employees are disengaged and feel undervalued.<\/h5>\n<\/details>\n<h5 tabindex=\"0\" data-element-id=\"ebookHeading4\" data-node-type=\"text\" data-magic=\"col-description\">\u00a0The leader uses a commanding style to enforce their authority, often using threats and punishment to motivate employees.<\/h5>\n<h5>The leader holds all the power and control, with little input or involvement from others in the organisation.<\/h5>\n<h5>\u00a0Communication flows primarily from the leader to subordinates, with little opportunity for feedback or input from employees.<\/h5>\n<h5>\u00a0Employees are not involved in the decision-making process and are expected to carry out orders without question.<\/h5>\n<h5>\u00a0Due to the lack of involvement and communication, there is often a sense of mistrust and antagonism between the leader and employees.<\/h5>\n<h5>The Exploitative Authoritative system is often associated with low productivity, poor performance, and high turnover, as employees are disengaged and feel undervalued.<\/h5>\n<h3>System 2: Benevolent Authoritative<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2500\" open>\n<summary data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2500\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t Sometimes allows a slight amount of participation:<br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n<h5 tabindex=\"0\" data-element-id=\"ebookHeading4\" data-node-type=\"text\" data-magic=\"col-description\">The leader in this system may allow some participation from subordinates, but the ultimate decision-making power still resides with the leader. This participation is usually limited and not fully representative of the views of the employees.<\/h5>\n<\/details>\n<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2501\" >\n<summary data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2501\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t  Follows most of the System 1 ideas, except less extreme:<br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n<h5>The Benevolent Authoritative system follows many of the same ideas as the Exploitative Authoritative system, but to a lesser degree. The leader may still be quite authoritarian and exert a high degree of control, but may also be somewhat more open to feedback and input from subordinates.<\/h5>\n<p>\u00a0<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2502\" >\n<summary data-accordion-index=\"3\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2502\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t Still top-down oriented:<br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n<h5>\u00a0Communication still flows primarily from the leader to subordinates, although the leader may be somewhat more open to receiving feedback and input.<\/h5>\n<p>\u00a0<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2503\" >\n<summary data-accordion-index=\"4\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2503\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t Performance is fair:<br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n<h5>\u00a0This system is associated with moderate levels of productivity and performance. While employees may feel somewhat more engaged than in the Exploitative Authoritative system, they may still feel somewhat disempowered and undervalued.<\/h5>\n<p>\u00a0<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n<h5 tabindex=\"0\" data-element-id=\"ebookHeading4\" data-node-type=\"text\" data-magic=\"col-description\">The leader in this system may allow some participation from subordinates, but the ultimate decision-making power still resides with the leader. This participation is usually limited and not fully representative of the views of the employees.<\/h5>\n<h5>The Benevolent Authoritative system follows many of the same ideas as the Exploitative Authoritative system, but to a lesser degree. The leader may still be quite authoritarian and exert a high degree of control, but may also be somewhat more open to feedback and input from subordinates.<\/h5>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h5>\u00a0Communication still flows primarily from the leader to subordinates, although the leader may be somewhat more open to receiving feedback and input.<\/h5>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h5>\u00a0This system is associated with moderate levels of productivity and performance. While employees may feel somewhat more engaged than in the Exploitative Authoritative system, they may still feel somewhat disempowered and undervalued.<\/h5>\n<p>\u00a0\t\t<\/p>\n<h3>System 3: Consultative<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-8290\" open>\n<summary data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-8290\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t Allows more participation and involvement in decision-making:<br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n<h5 tabindex=\"0\" data-element-id=\"ebookHeading4\" data-node-type=\"text\" data-magic=\"col-description\">In this system, the leader encourages participation and input from subordinates. While the leader still has the final say in decision-making, employees are given a voice and their input is valued.<\/h5>\n<\/details>\n<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-8291\" >\n<summary data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-8291\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t  Some delegation of authority:<br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n<h5>The leader may delegate some decision-making authority to subordinates, allowing them to take ownership of their work and contribute to the success of the organisation.<\/h5>\n<p>\u00a0<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-8292\" >\n<summary data-accordion-index=\"3\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-8292\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t  Moderate to good performance patterns:<br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n<h5>\u00a0This system is associated with moderate to good levels of productivity and performance. Employees feel more engaged and invested in their work, which can lead to improved performance and higher job satisfaction.<\/h5>\n<\/details>\n<h5 tabindex=\"0\" data-element-id=\"ebookHeading4\" data-node-type=\"text\" data-magic=\"col-description\">In this system, the leader encourages participation and input from subordinates. While the leader still has the final say in decision-making, employees are given a voice and their input is valued.<\/h5>\n<h5>The leader may delegate some decision-making authority to subordinates, allowing them to take ownership of their work and contribute to the success of the organisation.<\/h5>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h5>\u00a0This system is associated with moderate to good levels of productivity and performance. Employees feel more engaged and invested in their work, which can lead to improved performance and higher job satisfaction.<\/h5>\n<h3>System 4: Participative<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2080\" open>\n<summary data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2080\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t People who must live with decisions have a hand in making those decisions:<br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n<h5 tabindex=\"0\" data-element-id=\"ebookHeading4\" data-node-type=\"text\" data-magic=\"col-description\">\u00a0In this system, decision-making is decentralized and involves input from all employees who will be affected by the decision. The leader encourages participation from all members of the organisation and values their input in decision-making.<\/h5>\n<p>\u00a0<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2081\" >\n<summary data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2081\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t  Groups make decisions:<br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n<h5>\u00a0The focus in this system is on group decision-making. Teams and committees are formed to make decisions, and the leader works with these groups to facilitate the decision-making process.<\/h5>\n<\/details>\n<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2082\" >\n<summary data-accordion-index=\"3\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2082\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t Good two-way communication:<br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n<h5>\u00a0Communication in this system is open, honest, and frequent. The leader encourages feedback and input from employees, and employees feel comfortable sharing their thoughts and opinions with the leader.<\/h5>\n<\/details>\n<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2083\" >\n<summary data-accordion-index=\"4\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2083\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t Excellent productivity:<br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n<h5>The System 4 Participative management system is associated with high levels of productivity, as employees feel empowered and engaged in their work. They have a sense of ownership over their work and are committed to the success of the organisation.<\/h5>\n<\/details>\n<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2084\" >\n<summary data-accordion-index=\"5\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2084\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t Self-guidance is practiced where possible:<br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n<h5>\u00a0In this system, employees are encouraged to take ownership of their work and make decisions independently where possible. The leader acts as a facilitator and provides guidance and support as needed, but ultimately employees are trusted to make decisions that are in the best interest of the organisation.<\/h5>\n<\/details>\n<h5 tabindex=\"0\" data-element-id=\"ebookHeading4\" data-node-type=\"text\" data-magic=\"col-description\">\u00a0In this system, decision-making is decentralized and involves input from all employees who will be affected by the decision. The leader encourages participation from all members of the organisation and values their input in decision-making.<\/h5>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h5>\u00a0The focus in this system is on group decision-making. Teams and committees are formed to make decisions, and the leader works with these groups to facilitate the decision-making process.<\/h5>\n<h5>\u00a0Communication in this system is open, honest, and frequent. The leader encourages feedback and input from employees, and employees feel comfortable sharing their thoughts and opinions with the leader.<\/h5>\n<h5>The System 4 Participative management system is associated with high levels of productivity, as employees feel empowered and engaged in their work. They have a sense of ownership over their work and are committed to the success of the organisation.<\/h5>\n<h5>\u00a0In this system, employees are encouraged to take ownership of their work and make decisions independently where possible. The leader acts as a facilitator and provides guidance and support as needed, but ultimately employees are trusted to make decisions that are in the best interest of the organisation.<\/h5>","protected":false},"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","class_list":["post-55643","lesson","type-lesson","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Lesson 5: Characteristics of the Four Systems Developed by Rensis Likert - Certifeka-edu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/certifeka-edu.com\/ar\/programs\/corporate-behaviors-and-culture-module-ucam-university\/lessons\/lesson-5-characteristics-of-the-four-systems-developed-by-rensis-likert-3-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Lesson 5: Characteristics of the Four Systems Developed by Rensis Likert - Certifeka-edu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Lesson 5: Participative Theories Characteristics of the Four Systems Developed by Rensis Likert System 1: Exploitative Authoritative Rules by being bossy: \u00a0The leader uses a commanding style to enforce their authority, often using threats and punishment to motivate employees. 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